{"id":2869,"date":"2022-06-21T09:22:52","date_gmt":"2022-06-21T07:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/faces-of-autonomy\/silvius-magnago\/"},"modified":"2024-08-19T14:27:22","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T12:27:22","slug":"silvius-magnago","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/faces-of-autonomy\/silvius-magnago\/","title":{"rendered":"Silvius Magnago"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0%||||false|false” scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|2|0|-1″ motion_trigger_start=”top” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” width=”95.3%” width_tablet=”80%” width_phone=”80%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” max_width=”100%” custom_padding=”0px||17px|||” border_width_bottom=”3px” saved_tabs=”all” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][dipl_breadcrumb breadcrumb_layout=”layout2″ separator_text=”\/” separator_size=”19px” use_home_link_custom_text=”off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ link_font=”|700|||||||” custom_padding=”2%||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/dipl_breadcrumb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0%||51px||false|false” animation_style=”fade” animation_delay=”300ms” scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|2|0|-1″ motion_trigger_start=”top” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||4.8%||false|false” animation_direction=”right” scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|2|0|-1″ motion_trigger_start=”bottom” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/politici-09.svg” title_text=”politici-09″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” positioning=”absolute” position_origin_a=”top_right” horizontal_offset=”17%” horizontal_offset_tablet=”17%” horizontal_offset_phone=”17%” horizontal_offset_last_edited=”on|desktop” position_origin_a_tablet=”top_right” position_origin_a_phone=”top_right” position_origin_a_last_edited=”on|desktop” position_origin_f_tablet=”” position_origin_f_phone=”” position_origin_f_last_edited=”on|desktop” position_origin_r_tablet=”” position_origin_r_phone=”” position_origin_r_last_edited=”on|desktop” width=”70%” width_tablet=”50%” width_phone=”62%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” scroll_vertical_motion_enable=”on” scroll_vertical_motion=”0|50|50|100|-2|0|1″ scroll_fade=”0|78|78|100|100%|100|0%” positioning_tablet=”relative” positioning_phone=”relative” positioning_last_edited=”on|tablet” scroll_vertical_motion_tablet=”0|50|50|100|-2|0|0″ scroll_vertical_motion_phone=”0|50|50|100|-2|0|0″ scroll_vertical_motion_last_edited=”on|tablet” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” header_font_size=”5vw” header_letter_spacing=”-2px” scroll_horizontal_motion_enable=”on” scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|2|0|0″ text_font_size_tablet=”” text_font_size_phone=”” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”68px” header_font_size_phone=”40px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_letter_spacing_tablet=”0px” header_letter_spacing_phone=”0px” header_letter_spacing_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Silvius Magnago<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” header_font_size=”68px” header_letter_spacing=”-1px” scroll_horizontal_motion_enable=”on” scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|2|0|0″ text_font_size_tablet=”” text_font_size_phone=”” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”68px” header_font_size_phone=”40px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

(1914 \u2013 2010)<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.3em” custom_padding=”|10%|||false|false” scroll_horizontal_motion_enable=”on” scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|2|0|0″ global_colors_info=”{}”]It is self-delusion for a small country to think that it can simply change the state borders. If it resorts to violence, it will always lose. Guided by these principles, Silvius Magnago saw the best solution for South Tyrol as being autonomy within Italy \u2013 and he achieved it, after protracted negotiations with the central government. But who was this man, the \u201cfather of autonomy\u201d?[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||26px|||” animation_direction=”right” scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|2|0|-1″ motion_trigger_start=”bottom” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.3em” header_2_font_size=”14vw” header_2_line_height=”0em” header_3_font_size=”34px” header_4_font_size=”21px” positioning=”relative” vertical_offset=”0px” horizontal_offset=”-40%” vertical_offset_tablet=”0%” vertical_offset_phone=”0%” vertical_offset_last_edited=”on|desktop” horizontal_offset_tablet=”0%” horizontal_offset_phone=”0%” horizontal_offset_last_edited=”on|phone” position_origin_a_tablet=”” position_origin_a_phone=”” position_origin_a_last_edited=”on|desktop” position_origin_f_tablet=”” position_origin_f_phone=”” position_origin_f_last_edited=”on|desktop” position_origin_r_tablet=”” position_origin_r_phone=”” position_origin_r_last_edited=”on|desktop” width=”100%” custom_padding=”|10%||10%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|10%|||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”10%|10%|||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” scroll_vertical_motion_enable=”on” scroll_vertical_motion=”0|50|50|100|3|0|-0.5″ scroll_horizontal_motion=”0|50|50|100|-2|0|1″ header_2_font_size_tablet=”14vw” header_2_font_size_phone=”14vw” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” positioning_tablet=”relative” positioning_phone=”relative” positioning_last_edited=”on|desktop” scroll_vertical_motion_tablet=”0|50|50|100|3|0|-0.5″ scroll_vertical_motion_phone=”0|50|50|100|1|0|-0.5″ scroll_vertical_motion_last_edited=”on|phone” scroll_horizontal_motion_tablet=”0|50|50|100|2|0|0″ scroll_horizontal_motion_phone=”0|50|50|100|2|0|0″ scroll_horizontal_motion_last_edited=”on|tablet” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

“The best autonomy is of no use to us unless there exists the will to survive, to assert one\u2019s identity, one\u2019s culture and one\u2019s language. This has nothing to do with nationalism.”<\/i><\/h3>\n


Silvius Magnago, 1992<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Listen in Italian |\u00a0 <\/strong>duration 3 min<\/h4>\n

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Listen in German\u00a0 |\u00a0 <\/strong>duration 3 min<\/h4>\n

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The family<\/h2>\n

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The father<\/strong>
His father, also Silvio, was from an Italian family in Rovereto in Trentino. Pro-Austrian, he studied law in Innsbruck and became a fully bilingual judge in Meran.<\/p>\n

The mother
<\/b>Helene Redler came from Bregenz in Austria: her father and later her brother were active in local politics in the province of Vorarlberg.<\/p>\n

Little Silvius<\/strong>
He was born on 5 February 1914, a brother between two sisters: Maria (1913) and Selma (1917). Just half a year after Silvius is born, the First World War begins.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

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The great love<\/h2>\n

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Il grande amore
\n<\/span><\/b>In Rome Silvius Magnago meets his future wife, Sofia Cornelissen from Essen in Germany. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Marriage
\n<\/span><\/b>In 1943 he celebrates his wedding to Sofia Cornelissen in Innsbruck. After a few days he returns to the front in the Ukraine.<\/p>\n

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Childhood<\/h2>\n

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World War I
\n<\/b>The family experiences the end of the war in Bozen. The worst seems to be over, but a great disappointment is to come:
\nSouth Tyrol is no longer part of Austria. Father Silvio becomes an official in the Italian judiciary.<\/p>\n

Fascism
\n<\/span><\/b>Like all former Austrian officials, the father is kept under careful watch by the authorities. His children have to switch to an Italian school in 1923, earlier than others. <\/p>\n

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The negotiations<\/h2>\n

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The negotiations
\n<\/b>It is not until 1961 that the Italian state is ready to negotiate new arrangements for autonomy. Every paragraph and comma is debated until the so-called \u201cPaket\u201d (package) is sealed. A crucial factor in the success is the high opinion of Silvius Magnago held by Aldo Moro, Prime Minister of Italy from 1963 to 1968, who says: \u201cWe can trust this man.\u201d<\/p>\n

The package
\n<\/b>In 1969 the SVP decides on the \u201cpackage\u201d at its party congress. Magnago must use all of his authority to get a majority for his efforts. Only 52.8\u2009% vote \u201cyes\u201d. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Education<\/h2>\n

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Education
\n<\/b>After high school he studies law in Bologna, which is interrupted by military service. His university thesis is a comparison of German and Italian racial laws.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In the army
\n<\/b>Thanks to his height, 1.86 metres, he is made a lieutenant in a parade regiment in Rome. His functions include duty at Hitler\u2019s state visit in May 1938.<\/span><\/p>\n

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War<\/h2>\n

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The \u201cOption\u201d
<\/span><\/b>In 1939 the people of South Tyrol have to decide whether to emigrate to the German Reich, or to stay and renounce all rights as a minority. Magnago opts for Germany \u201cin protest against Fascist rule\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

His leg
<\/b>Two months after his wedding, his left leg is hit by a grenade during fighting in the Ukraine, leading to amputation. From then on he suffers constant phantom pain.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The Nazi era
<\/span><\/b>From 1940 to 1942 he works in in the office of the Nazi authorities in Bozen tasked with handling the resettlement programme. Magnago is entitled to be deemed \u201cindispensable\u201d, meaning he would not be sent to the front. He rejects this, however. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Last years
of work<\/h2>\n

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Everyday life
\n<\/b>The second Autonomy Statute enters into force in 1972, but negotiations on the details with Rome continue. At the same time, the region experiences a wave of prosperity. Shown here is the opening of a new kindergarten.<\/p>\n

The awards
\n<\/b>Austria and Germany confer numerous high awards upon Magnago for his life\u2019s work. He accepts the Italian order of the Cavaliere di Gran Croce much later \u2013 long after Italy and Austria in 1992 officially end their dispute over South Tyrol, which had come before the UN.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Farewell
\n<\/b>After 29 years, on 17 March 1989 Silvius Magnago completes his last working day as Governor of South Tyrol. He will continue as leader of the South Tyrolean People\u2019s Party until 1991.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

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Politics<\/h2>\n

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Into politics
\n<\/b>In 1948, a symbol of a war-torn generation, he fights the first election campaigns for the South Tyrolean People\u2019s Party<\/em> (SVP). He is immediately appointed deputy mayor of Bozen and, alternately, president of the local parliament and the regional council.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The demonstration
\n<\/b>In 1957 Silvius Magnago becomes chairman of the SVP. Supported by the hard-line wing of his party, he calls for a rally at Sigmundskron Castle to protest against Italy\u2019s approach to South Tyrol. Some 35,000 demonstrators attend and demand autonomy for South Tyrol. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The attacks
\n<\/b>Peaceful protests are followed by attacks on symbols of the Italian state. These reach an initial climax with the \u201cNight of Fire\u201d when, on 12 June 1961 \u2013 Magnago has recently also been appointed provincial governor \u2013 explosives are detonated under some 40 electricity masts. The aim, to draw international attention to South Tyrol, comes at a high price: an increased military presence, arrests, maltreatment. The attacks continue, this time causing deaths.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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  1. \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHome<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ol>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>Silvius Magnago(1914 \u2013 2010)It is self-delusion for a small country to think that it can simply change the state borders. If it resorts to violence, it will always lose. Guided by these principles, Silvius Magnago saw the best solution for South Tyrol as being […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":2753,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2869","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2869"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2869\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/autonomiae.bz.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}